KIDNEY URETER renal trauma grades of injury treat

 RENAL TRAUMA

Injury  to the kidney are classified as mild-moderate and  severe

moderate injuries will have tear of parenchyma......... and  extending

to tear of capsule. Damiage to the pedicle occurs nephrectomy  is

required IVP and angiography are important to devine severly mild

and modrate injurues can be managed by conservative therapy of :

        -       blood transfussion

        -       bed rest

        -       antibiotics

        -       care monitoring of rital signs.

Surgery through a transperitoneal approach may be required in case

of failure of conservative therapy.

Penetrating  injuries due to sharp instrument in stab  wounds  or

gunshots  if patients condition allows an accurate diagnosis  can

be  obtained  by  IVP.   Most severe  injuries  will  require  an

exploration  to repair and prevent future arterio venous  fistula

formation. Fig.25.8

Blunt injuries to the abdomen and back can also result in  injury

to  the  kidney.  Patient  presents  with  microscopic  or   frank

haematuria.   Patient   may  also  have  loin  pain,   lump   and

hypotension.  A  urogram will give information on the  extent  of

injury.  Patient  of  severe injury to  the  renal  pedicle  will

require surgery and a nephrectomy.

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