Urinary Bladder & Prostate 1

BLADDER AND PROSTATE

1. FUNCTION OF URINARY BLADDER

      The primary function of the bladder is to store urine until voiding is required by the patient. The bladder receives innervation from both sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nerves.

1.1 Nerves Supply

      The sympathetic preganglionic nuclei are in the first and second lumbar segments and possibly twelfth thoracic spinal cord segment. Fibers proceed down the aorta to the iliac vessals and then follow the ureters before fanning out to enter the bladder (fig 26.1).

      Parasympathetic preganglionic cell nuclei are in the second, third and fourth sacral segments of the spinal cord and travel with pelvic splanchnic nerves to enter the bladder. Afferent sensory fibres from the bladder can exit along either sympathetic or parasympathetic pathways. The normal bladder will fill to a volume of 400 ml. with no increase in pressure since the detrussor muscle will relax to accommodate this volume.

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