TROPICAL DESEASE 16

6. TUBERCULOSIS


- Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection with many manifestations
and wide distribution in the world.
- The lungs are most commonly affected, but lesions may also
occur in the kidney, bones, lymph nodes, or disseminated
throughout the body.

- The causative organism is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a rod 2
to 4 um in length and 0.3 um in thickness, it " is acid fast".

- Tubercle bacilli are aerobes thus the organs affected are
vascular and relatively high in oxygen tension; two species of
tubercle bacilli cause the disorder M.tuberculosis and M.bovis.

6.1 TRANSMISSION

This communicable disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
often called tubercle bacilli.
- Is spread person to person.
- Airborne infectious particles are produced when a person with
infectious TB of the lung or larynx forcefully exhales such as
when coughing, sneezing, speaking,or singing.

- These particles are dispersed in the local environment, remain
airborne, and can be inhaled by someone sharing the same air
space.

- TB is more easily transmitted in closed air spaces where
ventilation is poor.

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