TRANSMISSION 2
- The risk of transmission is increased when susceptible contacts
share the air for prolonged periods of time with a person who has
untreated pulmonary TB and who is coughing freely.
- In individuals who become infected, infectious particles are
inhaled through the nose and mouth, are carried down the airways
of the lungs, and eventually reach the small air sacs (the
alveoli).
It is in the alveoli that infection usually begins and where the
tubercle bacilli are initially able to multiply.
- During the first few weeks after infection, tubercle bacilli
spread unchallanged from the initial location in the lungs,to the
lymph nodes, in the center of the chest, and then to other parts
of the body by way of the bloodstream.
- Tubercle bacilli can reach all areas of the body, but
frequently travel to certain areas that are particularly
susceptible to developing disease, such as the upper portions of
the lungs,the kidneys, the brain, and bone.
- Within 2 to 10 weeks, the body's immunologic response to the
tubercle bacilli is usually sufficient to prevent further
bacterial multiplication and spread.
- At this point an infected person will usually have a positive
tuberculin skin test.
- For those who develop active TB, the lungs are the most common
site of disease (in approximately 85 percent of all cases).
- But disease may occur at any site in the body.
- Extrapulmonary disease may occur in the;
lymph nodes,
brain(causing TB meningitis),
kidney,
bones, or any other site.
Any questions be sent to drmmkapur@gmail.com
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