KIDNEY URETER investigatios 1

INVESTIGATION

The major burden of maintaining the internal environment is borne

by  the kidney.

Thus  investigation  of the excretory function of the  kidney  is

important.

2.1 Blood Urea

This  is  the end product of protein metabolism and in  cases  of

renal failure, accumulates in the blood.

*  The normal range is 20-40 mg%

*  The  excretion is a function of the  glomerulus  and  tubules.

   Normal range is 0.2-0.8 mg/100cc.

*  Blood urea rises when renal function is half.

2.2  Serum Creatinine production is fairly constant in  the  body

and  is  related  to  the muscle mass of the  patient.  It  is  a

function of glomerulus normal.

2.3 Urine for cells

This is the simplest test. Loss of RBCs and white corposcles  and

casts  is  another test of renal function and presence  of  cells

indicate renal injury. Pus cells are an indicator of infection.

2.4 Tubular Function

The  ability  to conserve water and sodium by reabsorption  is  a

sign  of  good  renal function. Thus depletion  of  fluid  occurs

rapidly  in renal failure leading to hypovolaemia. Renal  ability

to conserve potassium is also limited and depletion of the cation

can occur rapidly leading to hypovolaemia.

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