13.3 INTRAVENOUS CHOLECYSTOGRAPHY
When there is a failure of the
gallbladder to be visualized after
oral cholecystography, intravenous
cholecystography is indicated.
*
It is also
a means for visualization
of bile ducts
in
cholecystomized patients.
*
It is of little value, if bilirubin is greater than 3.5 mg/100
ml.
13.4 PERCUTANEOUS TRANSHEPATIC
CHOLANGIOGRAPHY AND ENDOSCOPIC
Retrograde Cholangiography are
indicated in patient
with
jaundice.
13.5 T-TUBE CHOLANGIOGRAPHY
This is frequently performed in the
operating room at the time of
exploration of the biliary tract with injection of
radio opaque
material either inot the cystic duct
or into the T-tube placed in
the common duct.
*
It can also be used in patients postoperatively
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