5. MALIGNANT TUMOURS
Sqaumous cell carcinoma make up the majority of all carcinomas of
the oral cavity, highly differentiated tumours occur less often,
anaplastic lesions are rare.
Adenocarcinomas are met with and originate in the minor salivary
glands.
5.1 LIP
Squamous cell carcinomas are the common malignant tumours of the
lip and represent nearly 15% of all head and neck cancers.
Basal cell carcinomas are less frequent.
ETIOLOGY
Important relationship exists between tumours of lip and exposure
to sunlight.
* Complexion plays a role, susceptible are the fair skinned and
ligh haired.
* Dark haired and dark skinned individuals are resistant.
* Tobacco chewing and pipe smoking have been suspected as a
cause of lip cancer.
* It is possible that the stems of wood and clay pipes soak up
tobacco tar directly and cause the disorder.
PATHOLOGY
*
The tumour is a squamous
carcinoma and occurs most often on
the lower lip.
*
It is low grade well diffentiated lesion
CLINICAL
*
Lower lip in the site in 70%
*
Though slow growing, some patients may present when the lesion
has reached a large size, destroying the
entire lip.
*
There may be cervical lymphnodes, usually submental nodes.
*
An ulcer of the lip which fails
to heal should be suspected
early.
TREATMENT
*
Treatment for small lesions is local excision
under local
anaesthesia.
*
Radiation can also achieve good results in lesion below 2 cm.
and can be given as outpatient therapy.
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