Small Intestines 2 MUCOSA Goblet Paneth Enterochromophin

1.2 WALL

The  wall of the intestine consists of four layers starting  from

the  lumen  these layers are mucosa,  submucosa,  muscularis  and

serosa (peritoneum).

I11 Small Intestine (SI)

Ingested food on arrival in the SI transits out in 2-4 hours by a contraction of longitndinal propalsive peristalsis segmental in is also seen frequently and mixes the chyme and provides contact with intestinal absorptive mucosa. Thus contractions occur 12 per minute in the duodening 9 per minute in the jejunum and 7 per minute in the leum and are controled by a slow wave pattern from the antrum. Distension and peristalsis in the terminal item open the ileocecal valve competence of this valve prevents colon bacteria from entry to the SI.

1.3 SPECIAL CELLS IN THE MUCOSA

GLOBLET CELLS

These cells are present in villi and crypts.  These cells secrete

mucus. 

ENTEROCHROMAFFIN CELLS

These are present in crypts of the small intestine.  They do  not

contact  the intestinal lumen and their secretions flow into  the

blood  vessels  in the wall and cause their effect  as  endocrine

cells.

PANETH CELLS

These  are  also in the crypts.  They secrete  large  amounts  of

protein, and their function is not fully understood.

UNDIFFERENTIATED CELLS

These  are  present  in the base of crypts.   They  multiply  and

differentiate   and  their  function  is  to  replace  the   lost

absorptive cells on the surface of the mucosa.

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