Wednesday, June 25, 2014

SMALL INTESTINES Disorders 4 enteritis


2.2 INFLAMMATORY DISEASES

2.2.1 TYPHOID ENTERITIS

An  acute,  systemic infection caused by  Salmonella  Typhii  and
manifests with:

*  Fever
*  Headache
*  Prostration
*  Maculopapular rash
*  Abdominal pain
*  Leucopenia

The   surgical  complications  of  this  infection  are  due   to
hyperplasia  and ulceration of Payer's patches of  the  intestine
and mesenteric lymphadenopathy Fig. 18.2

Confirmation of diagnosis is obtained by culturing S; typhii from
blood  or feces or by finding a high titre of agglutinin  against
the O and H antigens in the serum.

Chloramphenicol  is  given  orally in doses of  60mg/Kg  of  body
weight/day in four divided doses until the temperature is normal,
then reduced to 30mg/kg/day for a total of two weeks.

Ampicillin is also effective and should be given intravenously or
intramuscularly in does of 1 gm every 6 hours for two weeks.

MANAGEMENT

Gross haemorrhage occurs in 10 to 20% of patient even while  they
are on adequate therapy.

-  Perforation  of the ulcerated Payer's patches occurs in  about
   2%

-  Like  haemorrhage,  this complication should also  be  handled
   conservatively
   Chloramphenicol or ampicillin are given intravenously in large
   doses.

-  Nasogastric suction is started

-  Blood, serum albumin and fluids and electrolytes are given  as
   indicated.

-  An  operative approach should be considered only in  good-risk
   patients who are seen within 6 hours of the perforation.

Any questions be sent to drmmkapur@gmail.com
All older posts are stored in archives for access and review.
Visitors that follow may post contributions to the site please writo to address above.
To create consumer /provider engagement plase visit www.drmmkapur.blogspot.com

No comments:

Post a Comment