2.2.2 REGIONAL ENTERITIS (CROHN'S
DISEASE)
INCIDENCE
Incidence was found to be 0.8-1.5 per
1,00000 in the west and is
higher in Whites.
The disease is uncommon in this
country
Etiology remains uncertain and
implicated are:
*
constitutional and genetic factors
*
intestinal local autoimmune reaction
*
bacteria
*
viruses and parasites are possible causes being considered
PATHOLOGY
Regional enteritis may involve any segment of gastrointetstinal
tract from oesophagus to rectum.
The
most frequent site of involvement is the terminal ileum
in
nearly one-half, this is only segment
involved.
There is an abrupt demarcation with no
ceacal abnormality.
In
about one-third of patients, both small and large bowel
are
involved, separated by segments of
normal bowel (skip areas).
The third pattern, jejunoileitis,
extensively involves the distal
one-half of the jejunum and proximal
one-half of ileum.
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